Producción de frutos prolíficos en cylindropuntia caribaea (britton y rose) f.m.knuth in backeb. y f.m.knuth (cactaceae) como estrategia reproductiva | Prolific fruit production cylindropuntia caribaea (britton and rose) f.m.knuth in backeb. and f.m.knuth (cactaceae) as reproductive strategy
Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue comprobar si algunas variables morfológicas y bioquímicas de los frutos prolíficos de Cylindropuntia caribaea le permiten tener una estrategia reproductiva vegetativa eficaz ante el fracaso de su reproducción sexual. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la localidad de Guayacán, península de Araya, estado Sucre. Se recolectaron 50 flores y 100 frutos de 20 plantas adultas. La variable analizada en las flores fue la cuantificación del número de óvulos, mientras que en los frutos se registró la biomasa fresca, número de cladodios o artejos, diámetro de cada fruto, número de semillas, concentración de humedad y carbohidratos totales. Las flores presentaron un ovario ínfero con un promedio de 19 óvulos, los frutos prolíferos mostraron un número de artejos que varió de dos a nueve. Los frutos de esta especie son más pequeños que los de otras especies de la misma familia, por lo tanto estos presentaron menor biomasa, menor contenido de humedad y carbohidratos totales. Este tipo de frutos ya se ha descrito con anterioridad en otras especies de los géneros Cylindropuntia y Opuntia; sin embargo, estos frutos se diferencian de los otros porque aunque en las flores hay formación de óvulos, éstos son abortados y no hay desarrollo de semillas. Esto permite concluir que la propagación de esta planta, en el área de estudio, es netamente vegetativa tanto por los cladodios que se desprenden fácilmente, como por el desarrollo de los frutos prolíferos, garantizándose así la supervivencia de la especie.
Palabras clave: Guayacan, carbohidratos, semillas, frutos.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to test whether some morphological and biochemical variables of the prolific fruits of Cylindropuntia caribaea allow the species to have an efficient vegetative reproductive strategy compensating the failure of its sexual reproduction. The study was conducted in the town of Guayacán, Araya Peninsula, Sucre state. Fifty flowers and 100 fruits were collected from 20 adult plants. The variables analyzed, in the flowers, was the number of ovules, while in the fruits were the fresh biomass, number of pads or knuckles, diameter of each fruit, seed number, humidity and total carbohydrate concentration. The flowers have an inferior ovary with an average of 19 (¿±DE?) ovules. The prolific fruits showed a number of knuckles that varied from two to nine. The fruits of this species are smaller than those of other species of the same family, so they had lower biomass, lower moisture content and of total carbohydrates. This type of fruit has been described previously in other species of the genera Cylindropuntia and Opuntia. However, these fruits differ from those detailed above because although there is formation of ovules, they are aborted and there is no seed development. This leads to conclude that the spread of this plant in the study area is purely vegetative, both through knuckles that detach easily and by the development of prolific fruit ,which guarantee the survival of the species.
Key words: Guayacan, carbohydrates, seeds, knuckle.
Palabras clave: Guayacan, carbohidratos, semillas, frutos.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to test whether some morphological and biochemical variables of the prolific fruits of Cylindropuntia caribaea allow the species to have an efficient vegetative reproductive strategy compensating the failure of its sexual reproduction. The study was conducted in the town of Guayacán, Araya Peninsula, Sucre state. Fifty flowers and 100 fruits were collected from 20 adult plants. The variables analyzed, in the flowers, was the number of ovules, while in the fruits were the fresh biomass, number of pads or knuckles, diameter of each fruit, seed number, humidity and total carbohydrate concentration. The flowers have an inferior ovary with an average of 19 (¿±DE?) ovules. The prolific fruits showed a number of knuckles that varied from two to nine. The fruits of this species are smaller than those of other species of the same family, so they had lower biomass, lower moisture content and of total carbohydrates. This type of fruit has been described previously in other species of the genera Cylindropuntia and Opuntia. However, these fruits differ from those detailed above because although there is formation of ovules, they are aborted and there is no seed development. This leads to conclude that the spread of this plant in the study area is purely vegetative, both through knuckles that detach easily and by the development of prolific fruit ,which guarantee the survival of the species.
Key words: Guayacan, carbohydrates, seeds, knuckle.
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