Análisis reológicos de las principales fallas que experimenta el asfalto obtenido a partir de mezclas de dos componentes: uno blando tía juana mediano (tjm-26) y un componente duro lagotreco | Rheological analysis of major flacus experienced by asphalt obtained from the mixture of two components: a tia juana soft medium (tjm-26) and a hard lagotreco
Resumen
En el Complejo de Refinación de Paraguaná de PDVSA CRP-AMUAY en Falcón, Venezuela, al integrarse el cambio de abastecimiento de crudo en la refinería, se crearon variaciones en las propiedades físicas y químicas en los asfaltos; de aquí deriva la necesidad de construir nuevas mezclas de asfaltos para evaluar su comportamiento bajo condiciones particulares y predecir su rendimiento. El objetivo final del diseño de mezclas de asfaltos fue seleccionar el contenido de asfalto duro o blando que lograra un balance equilibrado de todas las propiedades físico-químicas y reológicas deseadas. En este trabajo se realizaron mezclas de diferentes proporciones a partir de asfaltos extraídos de los crudos de un componente duro Lagotreco y un componente blando Tía Juana Mediano (TJM-26); en las mezclas asfálticas se realizaron análisis químico de SARA y ensayos de envejecimiento oxidativo por horno de envejecimiento en película delgada rotativa (RTFOT) y cámara de envejecimiento a presión (PAV) y luego se llevó a cabo el análisis reológico mediante el reómetro de corte dinámico, para muestras vírgenes, oxidadas (RTFOT) y envejecidas a 10 años de servicio (PAV). En los análisis reológicos se estableció que la mezcla de asfalto 4 (25% TJM-26 + 75% Lagotreco) está dentro de todos los rangos de temperaturas establecidos y cumplió las condiciones G*/sen (δ) ≥ 1,00 kPa, G*/sen (δ) ≥ 2,20 kPa y G*·sen (δ) ≤ 5000 kPa, lo cual indica que no sufrirán de falla por deformación permanente (alta temperaturas) o fisuración térmica (temperaturas intermedias).
Palabras clave: Asfalto, mezclas de asfaltos, reología.
ABSTRACT
In the Paraguaná Refining Complex of PDVSA CRP-Amuay in Falcon State, Venezuela, the integrating change of supply of crude in the refinery produced more changes in the physical and chemical properties of asphalts, hence resulting in the need to build new asphalt mixtures, as well as the need to assess their behavior under particular conditions and predict their performance. The ultimate goal of asphalt mix design is to select the contents of hard and soft asphalt that result in a fine balance of all the physical-chemical and rheological desired properties. In this research work we produced mixtures of different proportions of asphalts from crude oil extracted from a hard component and a soft component, Lagotreco and Tia Juana Medium (TJM-26) respectively; the asphalt mixtures were subjected to SARA chemical analysis and tested for oxidative aging, using a rotary oven for thin film (RTFOT) and a pressure aging chamber (PAV). Rheological analysis was carried out by dynamic shear rheometry for virgin, oxidized (RTFOT) and aged at 10 years of service (PAV) samples. From the rheological tests it was established that the asphalt mixture 4 (25% TJM-26 + 75% Lagotreco) had an adequate behavior within all ranges of temperatures tested and fulfilled the conditions set G * / sin (δ) ≥ 1.00 kPa, G * / sin (δ) ≥ 2.20 kPa and G * • sin (δ) ≤ 5000 kPa, which indicates that this mixture will not suffer permanent deformation (at high temperatures) or thermal cracking (at intermediate temperatures).
Key words: Asphalt, asphalt mixtures, rheology.
Palabras clave: Asfalto, mezclas de asfaltos, reología.
ABSTRACT
In the Paraguaná Refining Complex of PDVSA CRP-Amuay in Falcon State, Venezuela, the integrating change of supply of crude in the refinery produced more changes in the physical and chemical properties of asphalts, hence resulting in the need to build new asphalt mixtures, as well as the need to assess their behavior under particular conditions and predict their performance. The ultimate goal of asphalt mix design is to select the contents of hard and soft asphalt that result in a fine balance of all the physical-chemical and rheological desired properties. In this research work we produced mixtures of different proportions of asphalts from crude oil extracted from a hard component and a soft component, Lagotreco and Tia Juana Medium (TJM-26) respectively; the asphalt mixtures were subjected to SARA chemical analysis and tested for oxidative aging, using a rotary oven for thin film (RTFOT) and a pressure aging chamber (PAV). Rheological analysis was carried out by dynamic shear rheometry for virgin, oxidized (RTFOT) and aged at 10 years of service (PAV) samples. From the rheological tests it was established that the asphalt mixture 4 (25% TJM-26 + 75% Lagotreco) had an adequate behavior within all ranges of temperatures tested and fulfilled the conditions set G * / sin (δ) ≥ 1.00 kPa, G * / sin (δ) ≥ 2.20 kPa and G * • sin (δ) ≤ 5000 kPa, which indicates that this mixture will not suffer permanent deformation (at high temperatures) or thermal cracking (at intermediate temperatures).
Key words: Asphalt, asphalt mixtures, rheology.
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