Cassava and its harvesting | La yuca y su cosecha

Américo Hossne García

Cassava and its harvesting | La yuca y su cosecha

Américo Hossne García

Resumen

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crant) is one of the most important economic crops in tropical and subtropical areas. The average yield, compared to its potential, is often low. Harvesting is done with several procedures in global areas; the operation is difficult, costly and of low productivity in most regions. The primary objectives of this study were: to assess the techniques of cassava harvest under different methods, land preparation and planting, damage or break of tubers, manual and mechanized harvesting, adaptation of varieties, the effect of agronomic parameters, soil moisture during harvest, new hand tools and mechanical harvesting. The evaluation methods consisted of literature reviewing, explorations, examination of existing tools, modifications and mathematical analysis with design and calculation. As a result, an assessment is made of manual and mechanized techniques for harvesting, and recommendations are provided about mechanical properties, devices for tuber collection, genetics, seed and importance of soil moisture during harvest.

Key words: Soil moisture, tillage, varieties, planting, harvesting hand tools, mechanized harvesters.

RESUMEN

La yuca (Manihot esculenta Crant) es uno de los cultivos económicos más importantes en las zonas tropicales y subtropicales. El rendimiento promedio, comparado con su potencial, suele ser bajo. La cosecha se realiza con varios procedimientos en áreas globales conocidas; la operación es difícil, costosa y de baja productividad en la mayoría de las regiones. Los objetivos principales de este estudio fueron: evaluar las técnicas de cosecha de yuca bajo diferentes métodos, la plantación, el daño o rotura de los tubérculos, la cosecha manual y mecanizada, la adaptación de las variedades, el efecto de los parámetros agronómicos, la humedad del suelo durante la cosecha, nuevas herramientas manuales y la recolección mecánica. Los métodos consistieron en revisión de la literatura, examen de las herramientas existentes, modificaciones y análisis matemático con diseño y cálculo. Como resultado, se hace una evaluación de la técnica manual y mecanizada para la cosecha, y se formulan recomendaciones de características mecánicas, dispositivos de recolección, genética, semilla e importancia de la humedad del suelo durante la cosecha.

Palabras clave: Humedad del suelo, labranza, variedades, siembra, herramientas manuales para la cosecha, cosecha mecanizada.

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