Importancia de las reacciones alérgicas a las picaduras  de triatominos (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) | Importance of allergic reactions to bites of the triatomine bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Dalmiro Cazorla-Perfetti; Pedro Morales-Moreno

Importancia de las reacciones alérgicas a las picaduras de triatominos (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) | Importance of allergic reactions to bites of the triatomine bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Dalmiro Cazorla-Perfetti, Pedro Morales-Moreno

Resumen

Se muestra el caso de paciente femenina de 60 años de edad proveniente de Zaragoza, Sierra de San Luis, estado Falcón, Venezuela, que se presentó en la emergencia del Hospital de San Luis por tener edema bipalpebral del ojo derecho e inflamación local en el hombro derecho después de haber sido picada por triatominos (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Triatominae), vectores de Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi, agente causal de la enfermedad de Chagas. La paciente recibió Dexametasona por vía intravenosa, teniendo una curación total. Ella fue referida al Laboratorio de Entomología, Parasitología y Medicina Tropical (LEPAMET), Coro, estado Falcón, para despistaje parasitológico en sangre periférica de T. (Sch.) cruzi, resultando negativa. Se revisó la literatura científica acerca de los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de tratamiento de las reacciones alérgicas que ocasionan las picaduras de los triatominos, y se resalta la necesidad de investigación para el territorio nacional.

Palabras clave: Triatominae, alérgenos, saliva, manifestaciones clínicas,anafilaxis.

Abstract

A report is made of a case of a 60 years old female patient from Zaragoza, Sierra de San Luis, Falcón state, Venezuela. The patient presented at emergency room of the Hospital of San Luis, Falcon State, with bipalpebral oedema in the right eye and local inflammation in the right shoulder after being bitten by triatomine bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Triatominae), vectors of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi, causative agent of Chagas disease. The patient received intravenously Dexamethasone and made a complete recovery. She was referred to the Laboratory of Entomology, Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (LEPAMET), Coro, Falcon state, for parasitological test for screening in peripheral blood of T. (Sch.) cruzi. The test was negative. Scientific literature review is made about epidemiological, clinical and treatment aspects on allergic reactions due to triatomine bug bites. Likewise, research needs on these topics for Venezuela, is highlighted.

Key words: Triatominae, allergens, saliva, clinical manifestations, anaphylaxis.

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