Ácido úrico, bilirrubina y tioles como indicadores del estado oxidativo en adultos evaluados nutricionalmente | Uric acid, bilirrubin and thiols as indicators of oxidative state in nutritionally evaluated adults

Amparito Barahona; Amparito Guerron; Edgar Tixicuro; Raquel Salazar-Lugo

Ácido úrico, bilirrubina y tioles como indicadores del estado oxidativo en adultos evaluados nutricionalmente | Uric acid, bilirrubin and thiols as indicators of oxidative state in nutritionally evaluated adults

Amparito Barahona, Amparito Guerron, Edgar Tixicuro, Raquel Salazar-Lugo

Resumen

Se evaluó el rol del ácido úrico (AU), la bilirrubina total (BT), los grupos tioles totales (TT) y tioles solubles en ácido (TSA) como indicadores del estado oxidativo en 136 adultos (74 hombres y 62 mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre 40 y 49 años. El estado nutricional se valoró a través del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC); asimismo, se midió la circunferencia de la cintura (CC), según criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF)aplicando para este estudio puntos de corte definidos para poblaciones latinoamericanas. La presión arterial fue evaluada según los criterios de ATP III. Se realizaron determinaciones de AU, BT mediante métodos colorimétricos; la determinación de TT y TSA se realizó en muestras de plasma, siguiendo la metodología de Ellman. Las concentraciones resultantes de BT, AU, TT y TSA se compararon de acuerdo a los estilos de vida (actividad física y consumo de alcohol) y evaluación nutricional (IMC y CC). El AU incrementó significativamente en obesos, personas con obesidad abdominal e hipertensos; la BT se observó en límites superiores en el grupo con obesidad abdominal y consumidores de alcohol y los TSA en quienes realizan actividad física; estos últimos disminuyeron en los consumidores de alcohol. La edad y las concentraciones de AU, BT, TT y TSA mostraron una relación estadísticamente significativa. De los parámetros analizados, el ácido úrico resultó ser el biomarcador más sensible a cambios en el estado oxidativo en las personas evaluadas.

Palabras clave: Estrés oxidativo, obesidad, estado nutricional.

ABSTRACT

The role of uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TB), total thiol groups (TT) and soluble thiols in acid (STA) were evaluated as indicators of the oxidative state in 136 adults (74 men and 62 women) with ages within 40-49 years. The nutritional status was assessed through the index of body mass (IMC); in addition, the waist circumference (CC) was measured according to criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) applying breakpoints to this study defined for Latin American populations. Blood pressure was evaluated according to criteria of ATP III. Determinations of UA, TB were made by colorimetric methods; TT and STA were determined in plasma samples following Ellman’s methodology. The resulting concentrations of UA, TB, TT and STA were compared according to the styles of life (physical activity and alcohol consumption) and nutritional assessment (BMI and CC). UA increased significantly in obese people with hypertension and abdominal obesity; TB was observed in upper limits in the group with abdominal obesity and alcohol consumers and STA among those who perform physical activity; the latter declined in consumers of alcohol. Age and AU, BT, TT and TSA concentrations showed a statistically significant relationship. Of the parameters analyzed, uric acid proved to be the most sensitive biomarker to changes in oxidative status in the evaluated persons.

Key words: Oxidative stress, obesity, nutritional status.

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