Distribución del agua bajo riego por aspersión y su efecto sobre el cultivo de caraota (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) | Water distribution under sprinkler irrigation and its effect on black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop
Resumen
El riego por aspersión, al igual que los otros métodos de riego, se caracteriza por no aplicar la misma cantidad de agua en todos los puntos de la parcela regada, sino que siempre habrá algún grado de desuniformidad. Con el propósito de estudiar la uniformidad de aplicación del agua en superficie y en el suelo bajo un sistema de riego por aspersión estacionario, así como el efecto sobre el cultivo de caraota (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), se desarrolló una investigación durante los años 2008 y 2009 en el Campo Experimental de Riego del Decanato de Agronomía de la UCLA. Los resultados muestran que la uniformidad de los riegos acumulados medida sobre la cubierta vegetal (CUa) y en el perfil del suelo (CUs) fueron mayores que la uniformidad promedio de los eventos de riegos individuales, y que la uniformidad del rendimiento del cultivo de caraota tiene mayor aproximación al CUs después del riego. La variabilidad del rendimiento, de sus componentes y del índice de cosecha fue ligeramente mayor en el ciclo 2009 que en el 2008, y se debió a la mayor variabilidad de las láminas de riego acumuladas recibidas en cada subparcela de dicho ciclo.
Palabras clave: Riego por aspersión, uniformidad de riego, caraota, rendimiento y sus componentes
ABSTRACT
The sprinkler irrigation alike other irrigation methods, is characterized by the non-uniform application of the amount of water in all points of the irrigated plots, then, there always exist some degree of non-uniformity in the watering process. So, to study the uniformity of water application over the crop canopy and at the soil with an stationary sprinkler irrigation
system as well as the effect on a bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop, a field trial was conducted on 2008 and 2009 in the research plots of the UCLA Agronomy Faculty. Results showed that the uniformity of the accumulated irrigation (CUa) measured above the crop canopy and in the soil profile (CUs) was greater than the average uniformity of each individual
irrigation events and that the uniformity of the bean yields was closer to the CUs after irrigation. The variability of yield, its components and the harvest index was slightly greater on 2009 than on 2008 due to the larger variability of the accumulated irrigation received by each sub-plot on 2009.
Key words: Sprinkler irrigation, irrigation uniformity, black bean, yield and its components
Palabras clave: Riego por aspersión, uniformidad de riego, caraota, rendimiento y sus componentes
ABSTRACT
The sprinkler irrigation alike other irrigation methods, is characterized by the non-uniform application of the amount of water in all points of the irrigated plots, then, there always exist some degree of non-uniformity in the watering process. So, to study the uniformity of water application over the crop canopy and at the soil with an stationary sprinkler irrigation
system as well as the effect on a bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop, a field trial was conducted on 2008 and 2009 in the research plots of the UCLA Agronomy Faculty. Results showed that the uniformity of the accumulated irrigation (CUa) measured above the crop canopy and in the soil profile (CUs) was greater than the average uniformity of each individual
irrigation events and that the uniformity of the bean yields was closer to the CUs after irrigation. The variability of yield, its components and the harvest index was slightly greater on 2009 than on 2008 due to the larger variability of the accumulated irrigation received by each sub-plot on 2009.
Key words: Sprinkler irrigation, irrigation uniformity, black bean, yield and its components
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