Redimensionamiento del extensionismo agrícola como práctica educativa comunitaria ante los embates neoliberales: Bases conceptuales empezando con un diagnóstico local | Reevaluation of agricultural extension as community educational practice to the neoliberal onslaught: Conceptual basis starting with a local diagnosis
Resumen
El objetivo es rescatar el papel del extensionismo agrícola en México, como modelo educativo partiendo del individuo como actor social, mejorando las condiciones de vida familiar e impactando el desarrollo de su entorno, lo que coadyuva la estabilidad socioeconómica para diversas regiones agrarias y redimensionar el papel del extensionismo como estrategia educativa donde los actores sociales son concebidos como sujetos promotores de su aprendizaje y creadores de proyectos de
vida individual y comunitaria que posibilita sobrevivir a los embates del neoliberalismo. Para la reconstrucción del modelo educativo y sus estrategias operativas, se documenta el abandono del campo mexicano, partiendo de cambios normativos en los otorgamientos del crédito agropecuario, desaparición de precios de garantía, asistencia técnica y transferencia de tecnología, que junto con la organización de productores, eran elementos nodales del modelo. Para la revalorización y
adecuación del modelo educativo, se analiza bajo el enfoque del desarrollo humano sustentable, involucrando elementos como fuerza del trabajo, abandono de actividad agropecuaria, envejecimiento de productores y femenización de la agricultura. El marco teórico-metodológico reconoce que los campesinos son sujetos activos como actores sociales, generan alternativas y espacios de aprendizaje y toma de decisiones que contrarrestan al modelo neoliberal. El Extensionismo
Agrícola, se erige como proceso educativo comunitario, que adecuado a los escenarios actuales pudiera generar alternativas viables donde los actores sociales retomen el papel central y definan su estilo de desarrollo partiendo de la reflexión de su papel social y su potencial humano.
Palabras clave: Extensionismo agrícola, unidad de producción campesina, neoliberalismo económico, recursos naturales, proceso educativo comunitario
ABSTRACT
The objective is to rescue the role of agricultural extension in Mexico as educational model based on the individual as social actor, improving the family living conditions and impacting the development of their environment, contributing to socioeconomic stability to various agricultural regions and to reassess the extension role as an educational strategy where social actors are conceived as promoter subjects of their learning and creators of individual and community life projects that
enables survive to the effects of neoliberal. For the reconstruction of the educational model and its operational strategies, the abandonment of rural Mexico is documented, based on normative changes in the agricultural credit awards, the disappearance of guaranteed prices, technical assistance and technology transfer, which together with the producer organization were core elements of the model. For the empowerment and adequacy of the educational model is analyzed
under the sustainable human development approach, involving items such as workforce, abandonment of agricultural activity, aging of farmers and feminization of agriculture. The theoretical and methodological framework recognizes that farmers are active subjects as social actors; create alternatives and opportunities for learning and decision making which counteract the neoliberal model. Agricultural Extension, stands as a community educational process that appropriate to the actual scenarios could generate viable alternatives where social actors resume their central role and define their development style based on the reflection of their social role and human potential.
Key words: Agricultural extension, farm production unit, economics neoliberalism, natural resources, community
education process
vida individual y comunitaria que posibilita sobrevivir a los embates del neoliberalismo. Para la reconstrucción del modelo educativo y sus estrategias operativas, se documenta el abandono del campo mexicano, partiendo de cambios normativos en los otorgamientos del crédito agropecuario, desaparición de precios de garantía, asistencia técnica y transferencia de tecnología, que junto con la organización de productores, eran elementos nodales del modelo. Para la revalorización y
adecuación del modelo educativo, se analiza bajo el enfoque del desarrollo humano sustentable, involucrando elementos como fuerza del trabajo, abandono de actividad agropecuaria, envejecimiento de productores y femenización de la agricultura. El marco teórico-metodológico reconoce que los campesinos son sujetos activos como actores sociales, generan alternativas y espacios de aprendizaje y toma de decisiones que contrarrestan al modelo neoliberal. El Extensionismo
Agrícola, se erige como proceso educativo comunitario, que adecuado a los escenarios actuales pudiera generar alternativas viables donde los actores sociales retomen el papel central y definan su estilo de desarrollo partiendo de la reflexión de su papel social y su potencial humano.
Palabras clave: Extensionismo agrícola, unidad de producción campesina, neoliberalismo económico, recursos naturales, proceso educativo comunitario
ABSTRACT
The objective is to rescue the role of agricultural extension in Mexico as educational model based on the individual as social actor, improving the family living conditions and impacting the development of their environment, contributing to socioeconomic stability to various agricultural regions and to reassess the extension role as an educational strategy where social actors are conceived as promoter subjects of their learning and creators of individual and community life projects that
enables survive to the effects of neoliberal. For the reconstruction of the educational model and its operational strategies, the abandonment of rural Mexico is documented, based on normative changes in the agricultural credit awards, the disappearance of guaranteed prices, technical assistance and technology transfer, which together with the producer organization were core elements of the model. For the empowerment and adequacy of the educational model is analyzed
under the sustainable human development approach, involving items such as workforce, abandonment of agricultural activity, aging of farmers and feminization of agriculture. The theoretical and methodological framework recognizes that farmers are active subjects as social actors; create alternatives and opportunities for learning and decision making which counteract the neoliberal model. Agricultural Extension, stands as a community educational process that appropriate to the actual scenarios could generate viable alternatives where social actors resume their central role and define their development style based on the reflection of their social role and human potential.
Key words: Agricultural extension, farm production unit, economics neoliberalism, natural resources, community
education process
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